Pakistan Gems and Jewellery
Development Company

Nature has bestowed Pakistan with largesse treasures of Gemstones. Some of these make Pakistan prominent in the mineral world. World’s most desired colored gemstones, such as Emerald, Ruby, Sapphire, Topaz, Aquamarine, and Tourmaline are found in Pakistan.

A review of the territorial history of Pakistan reveals that its people and kings cherished gemstones highly. The relics of the Gandhara and Indus civilizations are a testament to this fact. The northern and northwestern parts of Pakistan are shrouded by the three world-famous ranges called Hindukush, Himalaya, and Karakorum. These mountains have been found to be extremely rich in the minerals deposits. Deep green Emerald of Sawat valley and rare pink Topaz of Katlang are one of the most precious gemstones in the world market.

Some of the details of gemstones present in Pakistan with respect to areas are given below

• Swat (Malakand division) – Emerald, various types of quartz, and epidote
• Katlang (Mardan division) – Pink Topaz
• Dir (Malakand division) – Corundum and quartz
• Mansehra (Hazara division) – Corundum and smoky quartz
• Kohistan (Hazara division) – Peridot
• Peshawar district– Quartz with astrophyllite/reibeckite fiber inclusions, xenotime, and bastnaesite

• Mohmand Agency – Emerald, clinozoisite, sphene, and epidote
• Bajaur Agency – Emerald, garnet, and orange-colour scapolite
• Khyber Agency – Quartz with astrophyllite/reibeckite fibers inclusions, xenotime, and bastnaesite
• North and South Waziristan Agencies – Faden quartz, diamond quartz, phantom quartz, chlorite-included quartz, and window quartz

• Chilas (Diamer district) – Alluvial diopside, zircon, rutile quartz, aquamarine, and tourmaline
• Gilgi , Hunza, and Shigar (Gilgit district) – Aquamarine, topaz (golden and white), emerald, ruby, pollucite, rutile quartz, morganite, apatite, spinel, and pargasite
• Shengus, Stak Nala, and Tormiq Nala (Baltistan Skardu Road, Baltistan district) – Aquamarine, topaz, tourmaline, apatite, sphene, morganite, and quartz
• Shigar Proper (near Skardu, Baltistan district) – Apatite, zoisite, rutile quartz, epidote, and morganite
• Childee, Kashmal, and Yuno (Shigar area, near Skardu, Baltistan district) – Aquamarine, emerald-colour tourmaline, apatite, morganite, topaz, and quartz
• Hyderabad, Testun, Dassu, Net Tahirabad, and Goyungo (Shigar area, Baltistan district) – Golden Topaz, aquamarine, tourmaline, morganite, rare earth minerals, apatite, quartz, and emerald
• Appu Aligund, Fuljo, Braldu, Bashu, and Karma (Baltistan district) – Tourmaline, aquamarine, garnets,diopside, ruby, pargasite, emerald, topaz, amethyst, scheelite, and quartz
• Khappalu and near Siachin area (Gaanshai area, Baltistan district) – Aquamarine, amethyst, and fine golden rutile quartz

• Kharan district – Brookite, anatase, and quartz
• Chaman (near Quetta) – Diamond quartz, window quartz, quartz on prehnite-base, and faden quartz included by chlorite

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